At at total ratio of 9.58333 : 1 i'm not surprised that you have a hot motor. For your vehicle, a total radio between 13 and 15 would be normal, a 11 - 13 teeth pinion would be perfect and your motor will stay much cooler. And if it's too slow for you, go up to 5s if your MM is able to handle this voltage.
I would go with a 12 or 13t pinion for your setup. Your motor speed is a little slower than optimum, and 16v is a bit optimistic to expect from a 4s pack under load, I usually stay with the nominal voltage for lipos, as it gives a better indication of voltage under load. I do not think you will have any issues with the vehicle geared for 38mph or so. I would use the 13t, but you may want to go down to the 12t.